Camelina sativa (L).Crantz also known as false flax, Dutch flax is an ancient oil
seed crop that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. Camelina oil pressed from the seeds of this crop has a unique aroma. Eighteen camelina oil samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition (13 unrefined, 2 deodorized and 3 refined samples). Eight of these samples were analyzed for unsaponifiables content, free fatty acids and volatiles and semi-volatile compounds. Seven camelina seed samples were analyzed for volatile and semi-volatile compounds as well to determine the suitability of these products in animal feed formulations.
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Camelina : Food and Crop product Camelina is a crop native to Finland, Romania and regions east of the Ural mountains. Camelina, is a summer annual oilseed plant. Leindotter, wild flax and gold of pleasure are the popular common names for the crop. Seeds and capsules of the crop have been found in archaeological excavations from the Bronze Age in Scandinavia (Fan & Eskin, 2013). The crop has been an important oil crop for centuries with references to its cultivation in the Rhine valley region of Germany as far back as 600 BC. The crop was widely grown in Northern and Eastern Europe up to the early 1940's but was replaced with the introduction and widespread use of oilseed rape (Fan & Eskin, 2013). The crop is sometimes referred to as false flax and reaches a height of approximately 90 cm......
銀髮族的健康狀況十分多元,像是三高、認知等問題,像是高血脂比例超過50%,而在先前的媒體的調查也指出,台灣50歲以上的族群有9成都關心老化的問題,其中最關心的就是大腦與認知功能(連結)。
許多民眾為了健康會選擇初榨橄欖油、酪梨油等健康油,國外正刮起薺藍籽油旋風,許多媒體都紛紛報導薺藍籽油的健康價值,這次就由好食課整理一些文獻資料,幫大家科普一下這個超夯的新興健康油。 CLOSE專欄目錄 整理一⟫薺藍籽油是什麼?重點一⟫薺藍籽油的來源薺藍籽油,是由薺藍的種籽榨油而得,薺藍(Camelina sativa)是十字花科亞麻薺屬的植物,目前最主要且最為知名的產地為加拿大魁北克,且大多為原裝進口,少有重新分裝所造成的食安風險。 重點二⟫薺藍籽油的油脂組成薺藍籽油是非常健康的植物油,單元不飽和脂肪酸比例約為32%,多元不飽和脂肪酸為58%,且在多元不飽和脂肪酸中,有高達36%是屬於植物油較少有的Omega-3脂肪酸,能幫助調整失衡的Omega-3/Omega-6蹺蹺板。 在飽和脂肪酸部分,薺藍籽油只有10%,甚至比橄欖油的16%更低,這也是薺藍籽油在歐美刮起旋風的原因之一。 重點三⟫薺藍籽油的神經酸薺藍籽油不只有健康的脂肪酸組成,還含有一種特殊的脂肪酸「神經酸」(Nervonic Acid),是一長鏈的單元不飽和脂肪酸(cis-15-tetracosenoic acid),因其大量分佈於腦部與神經的細胞膜上而得名。 另外,神經酸又被稱為「鯊魚酸」(Salacholaic acid),食物中神經酸大多富含於鯊魚等大型魚的脂肪中,這也是神經酸有「鯊魚酸」別名的原因,而薺藍籽油大約含有0.69%的神經酸,是極少數含有神經酸的植物油,也可以讓我們不需透過魚油而補充神經酸的營養。 整理二⟫薺藍籽油有什麼功效?重點一⟫調節血脂血糖與血膽固醇與減少腰圍血脂、血糖的狀況,是台灣的中年以上的族群首要面對的健康問題,而薺藍籽油優質的不飽和脂肪酸比例就有助於改善血脂與血糖。 2022年最新的研究中,分析了7篇薺藍籽油改善三高的研究,結果發現每天攝取超過20克的薺藍籽油,膽固醇、血脂與血糖就有顯著的改善(連結)。 不只是三高問題,在2020年的一篇臨床研究中指出,停經婦女在每天攝取30克薺藍籽油後,除了顯著減少總膽固醇、低密度膽固醇以外,腰圍還有腰臀圍比也有顯著降低的現象,代表除了幫助改善三高以外,也有可能有減肥的效果(連結)! 所以想要改善三高的中年族群、銀髮族,可以在家中準備一罐薺藍籽油,約莫是我們平常用油的1半,即可達到研究中的健康效果。 重點二⟫補充神經酸,具有改善銀髮族認知功能的潛力神經酸是神經與大腦結構上很重要的脂肪酸,因此對於銀髮族的認知功能扮演著很重要的角色。 研究發現,老年人的注意力、阿茲海默症風險與血液中神經酸的含量成反比,也就是當血液中的神經酸含量越高,老年人的注意力會越好、阿茲海默症風險會降低(連結1、連結2)。 無獨有偶,在2019年的研究也發現,血液神經酸含量與精神狀況也有顯著相關性,當神經酸含量較高時,較少有憂鬱、躁鬱的問題(連結)。 研究也發現,當實驗鼠在攝取富含神經酸食用油後有顯著提升記憶力(連結),所以有學者認為補充神經酸是有幫助改善認知功能的潛力(連結)! 因此,營養師認為在具有健康脂肪酸比例的基礎上,可以選擇還含有神經酸的薺藍籽油,多多少少都可以幫助我們填補體內不足的含量,而有可能助於改善認知功能與減少退化的風險。 整理三⟫薺藍籽油怎麼用?重點一⟫耐熱度佳,適用各種烹調作為烹飪用油,最重要的就是耐熱度的問題,即便再健康的油品若無法耐受高溫的摧殘,也都會產生裂解產物,造成人體有自由基的負擔。許多像是亞麻仁油、紫蘇籽油等健康的油品,即因發煙點低而僅只能做拌菜而不能加入一起烹調,減少用油的方便性。 薺藍籽油具有豐富的單元不飽和脂肪酸和多酚類化合物,所以薺藍籽油的發煙點極高,在測試報告中薺藍籽油的發煙點甚至達到246度,已經可以適用於各種烹調方式,是非常方便使用的健康油品。 重點二⟫榛果風味,比亞麻仁油好入口由於大部分植物油的Omega-3脂肪酸含量都很低,僅有亞麻仁油等特殊的油品含有較高量的Omega-3脂肪酸。然而,亞麻仁油的耐熱度低不適合烹煮以外,亞麻仁有也具有一股特別的風味與辛辣感,導致不好入菜搭配,這也是很多人不喜歡亞麻仁油的主要原因。 薺藍籽油除耐熱度高,也具有清淡的榛果風味,風味更佳,讓薺藍籽油可以更適合多種料理與調味手法,在國外料理網站上也有許多使用薺藍籽油入菜餚的食譜,這也可以讓我們攝取到更足夠的Omega-3脂肪酸與神經酸。 總結⟫常備薺藍籽油,搭配其他好油最後,薺藍籽油雖然十分健康,具有良好的油脂比例幫助改善膽固醇與三高問題,有神經酸而具有改善認知功能的潛力,但也不要攝取過度避免油脂熱量負擔,而造成其他的健康風險。 營養師建議在正常用油量狀況下,家中可以常備一罐薺藍籽油,且搭配其他的健康油品,可以攝取更多元的營養,也幫助銀髮族長輩更健康! 文/林世航 營養師 原文出自: Camelina has emerged in the last decade as a multipurpose crop plant particularly suitable for engineering
new lipids for diverse uses, including feed, biofuel and green chemistry. The rebirth of this ancient crop was based on several intrinsic favorable characteristics: robust agronomic qualities, attractive oil profile, genetic proximity with the model plant arabidopsis, ease of genetic transformation by floral dip. The need to increase both the production and diversity of plant oils, while improving the sustainability of agricultural systems, has been the driving forces behind the ever-increasing investment in camelina research.Worldwide interest in engineering camelina has led to the development of a remarkable pipeline that allows the rapid production and phenotyping of new lines; it includes specific tools, such as databases, collections of natural accessions, methods of genetic transformation and lipid analysis. Implementation of numerous metabolic pathways in camelina for the production of novel lipids has highlighted the potential as well as the versatility of this new "old" oilseed crop that is well on the way to becoming an ideal plant chassis for lipid synthetic biology. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal impairment, which
includes also a variety of psychological and psychiatric comorbidities. The oxidative stress was earlier reported as presenting an important part of the IBS complex pathophysiology. In the present study, we determined the fatty acids profile and thereafter the effects of Camelina sativa Madalina variety cold pressed oil in a zymosan-induced model of IBS. We are showing here some facilitatory effects of the Camelina sativa oil in this context, both on the behavioral and oxidative stress-related actions. Thus, all these results are suggesting some beneficial effects for the present Camelina sativa oil used in this study on behavioural (memory, anxiety, depression and social-related) manifestations and oxidative stress parameters in a zymosan-induced mice model of irritable bowel syndrome. This could be relevant for the connections between the physiological manifestations in IBS and its depressive-like or anxiolytic-like manifestations. In conclusion, Camelina sativa oil exerted facilitatory effects on both the behavioral (short memory, as tested in the Y maze task, anxiety-tested in the elevated plsu maze, depression, as observed in the forced swimming test and social-dominance test) and oxidative stress-related actions (mainly manifested through a general increase of the two main antioxidant enzymes determined here: superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as a decrease in the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde). Camelina sativa is well known due to high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in its oil. Till now
this oil has been studied mainly for applications as raw material for synthesis of resins, biodiesel and hydrocarbon fuels. This study examines the oxidative stability of cold-pressed Camelina sa- tiva (also known as camelina, false flax or gold-of-pleasure) oil and its extracts of spices. Despite the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, Camelina sativa oil appeared more rigid against oxidation than rapeseed or flax oil. Extracts of different spices were prepared by maceration in camelina oil at room temperature for 24 h. The stability of extracts was determined under acceler- ated oxidation conditions and monitored by peroxide values. Most of the tested additives (e.g., bay leaves, allspice, clove, barley sprouts, coriander, ginger) did not influence or even decreased oxidative stability of the oil. However, oil with thyme additive demonstrated remarkably higher sta- bility then Camelina sativa oil alone. Press-cakes of camelina seeds were extracted with two polar solvents (ethanol or water) and their mixtures under variable conditions (room temperature or re- flux). Prepared polar extracts of press-cakes were characterised by total polyphenol content (Fo- lin–Ciocalteu method) and antiradical activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl and galvinoxyl. Useful properties and contraindications of camelina oil have been known since time immemorial. In the recent past, on the territory of European countries, there was a tradition of cultivating oilseeds with bright orange seeds. Basically, pomace was used in the kitchen for cooking cold and hot dishes. With the advent of cheap sunflower, camelina oil moved from the category of everyday to gourmet. .....
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